{"id":270,"date":"2020-02-19T17:11:03","date_gmt":"2020-02-19T14:11:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/?p=270"},"modified":"2025-04-12T22:45:46","modified_gmt":"2025-04-12T19:45:46","slug":"islam-dunyasinin-hermes-ogretisi-ve-bilimle-tanismasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/leyhatlari.com\/index.php\/hermetik-ogretinin-fisiltisi\/islam-dunyasinin-hermes-ogretisi-ve-bilimle-tanismasi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130slam D\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n Hermes \u00d6\u011fretisi ve Bilimle Tan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bizans imparatorlu\u011funun g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kullanarak insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u011fnazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na s\u00fcr\u00fckleyen kilise skolastik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinden ka\u00e7an Hermes \u00f6\u011fretisinin \u00fcstatlar\u0131 merkezden uzak Antakya ve Harran\u2019da kendilerini gizleyerek \u00f6\u011fretilerini ya\u015fatt\u0131lar. Harran halk\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn bask\u0131lara ra\u011fmen H\u0131ristiyan olmam\u0131\u015f, Sabii-Helen pagan k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyordu. Bu nedenle Bizansl\u0131lar, Harran\u2019a Helenepolis ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015fti.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130slam ordular\u0131n\u0131n Suriye, Irak ve M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmesinden sonra Emev\u00ee ve Abbasi halifelerinin kadim medeniyetlerden kalma kitaplara ve bilgilere ilgi duymas\u0131yla Hermes \u00fcstatlar\u0131 tekrar de\u011fer g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bilim g\u00fcne\u015fi art\u0131k \u0130slam topraklar\u0131nda parl\u0131yordu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Emevi halifesi II. Mervan, Harran\u2019a bir y\u00f6netim saray\u0131 yapt\u0131rarak Harran\u2019\u0131 ba\u015fkent yapt\u0131. Tarihi ge\u00e7mi\u015fi \u0130slam \u00f6ncesine dayanan d\u00fcnyaca \u00fcnl\u00fc \u201cHarran okulu\u201d Abbasi halifesi Harun Re\u015fid zaman\u0131nda daha da geli\u015fti.\u00a0Harran\u2019daki \u0130slam \u00fcn\u00fcversitesinde Sabiiler, H\u0131ristiyan ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan olu\u015fan ayd\u0131n gruplar vard\u0131 ve bunlar kadim medeniyetlerden kalma kitaplar\u0131 Arap\u00e7aya terc\u00fcme ediyorlard\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Sabit Bin Kurra<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck bir\u00a0bilim adam\u0131, \u00e7evirmen olan Sabit Bin Kurra (D. 821, Harran – \u00d6. 901, Ba\u011fdat) bu ortamda Sabi\u00ee bir ailenin \u00e7ocu\u011fu olarak d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Gen\u00e7li\u011finde sarrafl\u0131k (kuyumculuk) i\u015fi ile u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131. O y\u0131llarda, gizli Hermes \u00fcstatlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan e\u011fitildi. Arap\u00e7a, Grek\u00e7e, S\u00fcryanice ve Romacay\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi bir bi\u00e7imde \u00f6\u011frendi. Ayk\u0131r\u0131 Hermes \u00f6\u011fretileri nedeniyle Sabi\u00eeler ile bir ara anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Daha sonra Sabit, elindeki kitaplarla Ba\u011fdat\u2019a giderek Abbasi Halifesi el-Mutezid\u2019in huzuruna \u00e7\u0131karak kendisini takdim etti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Halife taraf\u0131ndan m\u00fcneccimler (y\u0131ld\u0131z bilimci, astrolog)\u00a0grubuna dahil edilen Sabit, bununla yetinmeyerek, kendi yak\u0131nlar\u0131 olan Sabi\u00eelerin Ba\u011fdat\u2019ta toplumsal ve siyasal bir stat\u00fc kazanmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve y\u00f6netimle yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle bu amac\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. B\u00f6ylece o, art\u0131k Ba\u011fdat\u2019taki Sabi\u00eelerin ba\u015fkan\u0131 durumuna y\u00fckseldi. Bulundu\u011fu konumun verdi\u011fi g\u00fc\u00e7le, Irak\u2019ta Sabi\u00eeleri y\u00fcksek mevkilere getirdi. B\u00f6ylece Sabi\u00eeler b\u00fcrokraside \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revler \u00fcstlendiler.[1]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Bir g\u00fcn S\u00e2bit, kalp krizi ge\u00e7iren ve \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc san\u0131lan birini, uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerle hayata d\u00f6nd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmal\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul etmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde kendisine yap\u0131lan teklifleri kabul etmemi\u015f ve Harran\u2019\u0131n geleneksel y\u0131ld\u0131z-gezegen k\u00fclt\u00fcne inanan bir pagan olarak \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. T\u00fcm bunlara kar\u015f\u0131n, Halifenin saray\u0131ndaki stat\u00fcs\u00fc o kadar y\u00fcksektir ki, bizzat h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu teolojik (ilahiyat) tart\u0131\u015fmalarda, \u0130sl\u00e2m ve di\u011fer monoteist (tek Tanr\u0131c\u0131) dinlere kar\u015f\u0131 Harran politeizmini (\u00e7ok Tanr\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k) ve pantaizmini (do\u011fa Tanr\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k) savunmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Beyt\u00fc\u2019l-Hikme\u2019nin en \u00f6nemli d\u00f6rt \u00e7evirmeninden biri olan Sabit\u2019in, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evirilere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda say\u0131ca \u00e7ok olduklar g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Onun i\u00e7in K\u00e2tip \u00c7elebi\u2019nin, \u201cSabit bin Kurra\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7evirileri olmasayd\u0131, kimsenin hikmete (felsefeye) dair kitaplardan yararlanamayaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilirdi<\/em>.\u201d s\u00f6zlerini hat\u0131rlatmak yerinde olacakt\u0131r. \u00c7eviri i\u015findeki \u00e7evirmenlerin t\u00fcm\u00fcne yak\u0131n\u0131 Nestur\u00ee ya da Yakub\u00ee H\u0131ristiyanlardan olu\u015fmaktayd\u0131. Bu konunun bir tek istisnas\u0131 ise pagan filozof S\u00e2bit b. Kurra\u2019n\u0131n kendisinden ba\u015fkas\u0131 de\u011fildi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sabit\u2019in matematik, astronomi, t\u0131p, mant\u0131k, eczac\u0131l\u0131k, geometri, felsefe ve m\u00fczikle ilgili telif, yorum ve \u00f6zet olarak yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131da eserin sahibi oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Da\u011flar\u0131n olu\u015fumu, g\u00fcne\u015f ve ay tutulmas\u0131, k\u0131zam\u0131k ve \u00e7i\u00e7ek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi konular hakk\u0131nda da eserleri bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 konusunda \u00e7e\u015fitli rakamlar ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. Kimi ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara g\u00f6re; 10\u2019u S\u00fcryan\u00ee ve Sabi\u00ee inan\u00e7lar\u0131 tarihi ile ilgili olmak \u00fczere toplam 133, kimi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarih\u00e7ilerine g\u00f6re ise 150 kadar Arap\u00e7a, 15 dolay\u0131nda ise S\u00fcryanice \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu eserlerden elliden daha \u00e7o\u011fu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar gelebilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yine Sabit\u2019in S\u00fcryanice olarak yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cHermes\u2019in Kitab\u0131<\/em>\u201d adl\u0131 eseri, Arap\u00e7aya \u00e7evrilince Hermes\u00e7i d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin yay\u0131lmas\u0131na hizmet etmi\u015ftir. O, \u00f6zellikle Aristo\u2019nun \u201cOrganon<\/em>\u201d adl\u0131 eseri \u00fczerinde durmu\u015ftur. Eflatun\u2019un \u201cDevlet<\/em>\u201dini incelemi\u015f ve bu eserle ilgili olarak \u201cRemizlerin \u0130zah\u0131<\/em>\u201d adl\u0131 bir eser yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Matematik alan\u0131nda da yeni kuramlar ortaya atm\u0131\u015f olan Sabit, Grek \u00f6ncesi bilgi k\u00fclliyat\u0131 \u00fczerine de ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda bulunmu\u015ftu.[2]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130sl\u00e2m filozofu Kind\u00ee ve \u00fcnl\u00fc \u00e7evirmen Kusta b. Luka ile \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f olan Sabit\u2019in, \u0130sl\u00e2m d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n geli\u015fmesindeki katk\u0131s\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7evirmen Huneyn b. \u0130shak\u2019\u0131n okulunda da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Sabit, bu kurumun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na yard\u0131m ve dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k yapt\u0131. Bunun yan\u0131nda, Huneyn b. \u0130shak\u2019\u0131n felsef\u00ee ve matematiksel \u00e7evirilerinin d\u00fczenleme s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 yeniden yapt\u0131 ve d\u00fczeltti. Nitekim o, say\u0131lar teorisinde, \u00d6klid\u2019in geride b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 mirastan hareket ederek, de\u011fi\u015fik bir sonsuz say\u0131lar dizisinin par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak bir sonsuz say\u0131lar kuram\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak; Harran Sabi\u00eelerinin \u0130sl\u00e2m d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarihinde felsefe, matematik, t\u0131p, astronomi ve do\u011fal bilimler alan\u0131nda \u00e7eviri ve telif faaliyetindeki \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli rol\u00fc, Sabit b. Kurra ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sabit, D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 ve iki meridyen aras\u0131 uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011fru olarak hesaplayan ilk bilginlerdendir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sabit bin Kurra, Batlamyus\u2019un \u00fcnl\u00fc eserini Arap\u00e7aya \u201cAlgamesti<\/em>\u201d ad\u0131yla yorumlar ve kendi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ile zaman\u0131 i\u00e7in yeni olan trigonometri ve astronomi bilgisini de ekler. Yazma eserlerini Cremona Gerard (1114-1185) Arap\u00e7adan Latinceye \u00e7evirdi. Sabit\u2019in daha sonra pek \u00e7ok eseri Semerkant, Ba\u011fdat ve \u0130stanbul\u2019da Latinceye ve Frans\u0131zcaya \u00e7evrildi. [3]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Sabit, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ke\u015fif ve bulu\u015flar \u00fczerine, Halife Me\u2019mun taraf\u0131ndan D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mekle g\u00f6revlendirildi. Onun ve \u00f6teki bilginlerin ortaya koydu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler sonraki y\u0131llarda End\u00fcl\u00fcs yoluyla Avrupa\u2019ya ge\u00e7ti. Kristof Kolomb gibi denizcilerin bunlardan yararlanarak yollar\u0131n\u0131 bulduklar\u0131 s\u00f6ylenir. \u201cKamus\u2019ul Alam<\/em>\u201d adl\u0131 eserde belirtildi\u011fine g\u00f6re; matemati\u011fin bir kolu olan \u201ckalk\u00fcl\u00fcs\u201d\u00fcn ke\u015ffi de ona aittir. Kalk\u00fcl\u00fcse \u201ctefadul\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fka bir eserde diferansiyel hesab\u0131n\u0131 Newton\u2019dan \u00f6nce Sabit Bin Kurra\u2019n\u0131n ke\u015ffetti\u011fi s\u00f6ylenmektedir. Pozitif reel say\u0131lar, integral, kalk\u00fcl\u00fcs, say\u0131lar teorisi, k\u00fcresel trigonometri, astronomi, mekanik, statik \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapt\u0131. Paraboller \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar integral kalk\u00fcl\u00fcs\u00fc ke\u015ffine giden yolu a\u00e7t\u0131. Bir\u00e7ok yazar, Ar\u015fimed\u2019in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan haberdar olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, onun bilgilerini kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler. x ve k\u00f6k\/x\u2019in integralini tam olarak hesaplad\u0131. Hesaplamas\u0131 integral toplamlar\u0131n alt ve \u00fcst olarak uygulanmas\u0131na dayan\u0131yordu. Sadece astronomide de\u011fil t\u0131p ve felsefede de ilerlemeler kaydetti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sabit bin Kurra\u2019n\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitaplar, Do\u011fuda ve Bat\u0131da okunup incelenerek yeni ve \u00f6zg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara kaynakl\u0131k etmi\u015ftir. Eserleri \u0130sl\u00e2m d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda da okunan Sabit\u2019in, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 XII. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Bat\u0131 dillerine \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir. Onun izleyicileri aras\u0131nda Beyh\u00e2k\u00ee\u2019nin s\u00f6yledi\u011fine g\u00f6re, torunu Muhammed b. C\u00e2bir el-Harran\u00ee el-Battan\u00ee (\u00d6.929) ad\u0131 en kayda de\u011fer olan\u0131d\u0131r. Battan\u00ee, Me\u2019mun d\u00f6neminden sonraki en \u00f6nde gelen astronom ve bilgin olarak kabul edilmektedir. Astroloji, t\u0131p ve matematik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda s\u00f6z sahibi olan Harranl\u0131 bilginler s\u00fclalesinin atas\u0131 olan Sabit bin Kurra\u2019\u0131n o\u011flu Sinan, iki torunu Sabit ve \u0130brahim ile birlikte bu gelene\u011fi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bilim tarih\u00e7isi Prof. Dr. Fuat Sezgin taraf\u0131ndan bu d\u00f6nemde Hermes\u2019in \u015fahs\u0131na nisbet edilen ve Arap\u00e7aya terc\u00fcme edilen k\u0131rk d\u00f6rt eserin tesbiti yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (GAS, IV, 31-43); bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda ayr\u0131ca konular\u0131 co\u011frafyadan tar\u0131ma, ilm-i havastan rasat aletlerine kadar de\u011fi\u015fen bir\u00e7ok isimsiz Arap\u00e7a ris\u00e2le daha Hermes\u2019e mal edilir.[4]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

Tasavvuf ve Hermetik D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin Kayna\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n kadim medeniyetlerden kalma kitap ve bilgilere ilgi duymas\u0131, Aristocu felsefenin ak\u0131l, mant\u0131k ve deneysel yollarla bilgi edinme y\u00f6ntemine (<\/em>Me\u015f\u015f\u00e2\u00ee)<\/em>\u00a0dayanan pozitif bilimlerde ilerleme sa\u011flamakla kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Pisagorcu, Eflatuncu ve Staocu Hermestik felsefede (\u0130\u015frak\u00ee)<\/em> oldu\u011fu gibi insan\u0131n ruhunu d\u00fcnyevi k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklerden ar\u0131nd\u0131rarak erdem ve ahlak sahibi, olgun (K\u00e2mil) bir insan olarak bilgiye sezgi ve ilham yoluyla ula\u015fabilece\u011fini savunan suf\u00eeler aras\u0131nda da ilm\u00ee \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[5]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Suf\u00ee filozoflar Hermes\u2019i ya da \u0130dr\u00ees\u2019i hikmetin kayna\u011f\u0131, filozoflar\u0131n ve bilgelerin ilki sayar, ona \u201cfilozoflar\u0131n babas\u0131\u201d unvan\u0131n\u0131 verirler.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aras\u0131ndaki felsefede her ne kadar Hermes\u00e7ili\u011fin etkisi 10. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan sonra azalmaya ba\u015flad\u0131ysa da Ham\u00eed\u00fcddin Kirm\u00e2n\u00ee ile \u0130sm\u00e2il\u00ee felsefecilerin yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda ve S\u00fchreverd\u00ee\u2019nin \u0130\u015fr\u00e2k (sezgilerin do\u011fu\u015fu) mektebinde devam etti. Esasen Hermetik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler felsefenin \u0130\u015fr\u00e2k\u012ble\u015fmesini sa\u011flayan en \u00f6nemli unsurlardand\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca Hermetik teolojide Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n mutlak bilinmesi, insan akl\u0131n\u0131n kendi g\u00fcc\u00fcyle ve k\u0131yas yoluyla O\u2019nun bilgisine ula\u015famayaca\u011f\u0131, ancak tecelliler ve zuhurlar olabilece\u011fi, sadece dualar, m\u00fcn\u00e2c\u00e2tlar ve z\u00e2hid\u00e2ne bir ya\u015fant\u0131yla O\u2019na yak\u0131nla\u015f\u0131labilece\u011fi, O\u2019ndan tecr\u00fcbeyle zevk alman\u0131n akla de\u011fil ruha ait oldu\u011fu ve yaln\u0131z kendini ar\u0131nd\u0131rma yoluyla ayd\u0131nlanmaya ve hakikatin ke\u015ffine var\u0131labilece\u011fi gibi hususlar \u0130sl\u00e2m tasavvufundaki yakla\u015f\u0131mlarla da bir bak\u0131ma benzerlik g\u00f6sterir.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aras\u0131ndaki Hermetik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin tarihini tesbite \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar, bir bak\u0131ma ilk m\u00fcsl\u00fcman Hermes\u00e7i\u2019nin Emev\u00ee Em\u00eeri H\u00e2lid b. Yez\u00eed b. Mu\u00e2viye oldu\u011funu, Ca\u2018fer es-S\u00e2d\u0131k ile bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarz\u0131n\u0131n daha geli\u015fti\u011fini, talebesi C\u00e2bir b. Hayy\u00e2n ile de zirveye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylerler. \u0130lk \u0130sl\u00e2m filozofu say\u0131lan Kind\u00ee\u2019nin de Hermetik felsefeden etkilendi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00fchreverd\u00ee tarikat\u0131n\u0131n kurucu pir\u00ee \u015eeh\u00e2beddin es-S\u00fchreverd\u00ee, \u0130\u015fr\u00e2k\u012b felsefenin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan \u201cnur felsefesi\u201dni anlat\u0131rken kendisinin yeni bir \u015fey s\u00f6yledi\u011fi iddias\u0131nda de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ona g\u00f6re: \u201cBu ilmin unsurlar\u0131 yani hikmet, Tanr\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan insanlara Peygamber \u0130dr\u00ees ya da Hermes vas\u0131tas\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu hikmet daha sonra iki kola ayr\u0131ld\u0131; birincisi Zerd\u00fc\u015ft \u015famanlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011fuyla \u0130ran\u2019a, ikincisi M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a yay\u0131l\u0131p buradan eski Yunan\u2019a ge\u00e7ti; bu iki kanaldan da (Yunan ve Pers) \u0130sl\u00e2m medeniyetine girdi.\u201d[6]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00fbf\u00ee d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerden Z\u00fcnn\u00fbn-i M\u0131sr\u00ee, S\u00fcfy\u00e2n es-Sevr\u00ee, C\u00fcneyd-i Ba\u011fd\u00e2d\u00ee, Hall\u00e2c-\u0131 Mans\u00fbr, gibi ki\u015filere de Hermetik t\u00fcrden baz\u0131 eserler iz\u00e2fe edilir. Ancak Af\u00eef\u00ee\u2019ye g\u00f6re, b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcsl\u00fcman d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler i\u00e7erisinde hepsinden fazla Hermetik motifler ta\u015f\u0131yan ki\u015fi \u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l-Arab\u00ee\u2019dir. Af\u00eef\u00ee, onun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleriyle Hermes\u00e7i d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli paralellikler kurar.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Burckhardt da, \u201cHermes\u00e7ili\u011fe yeni bir ruhan\u00ee eksen veren, daha do\u011frusu onu son d\u00f6nem Grek nat\u00fcralizminin bo\u011fmas\u0131ndan kurtararak orijinal yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 tam m\u00e2nas\u0131yla yeniden kuran hareket, \u0130sl\u00e2m inanc\u0131n\u0131n b\u00e2t\u0131n\u00ee tefsiri olan \u201cvahdet-i v\u00fcc\u00fbd\u201d doktrinidir.\u201d<\/em> diyerek tasavvuf ve Hermes \u00f6\u011fretilerinin kayna\u015fmas\u0131yla \u201cvahdet-i v\u00fcc\u00fbd\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \"\"<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    [1]<\/a> Timothy Freke & Peter Gandy, \u00e7. Semra Tuna \u201cHermetika, Hermes\u2019in Kay\u0131p S\u00f6zleri\u201d s.6<\/span><\/p>\n

    [2]<\/a> Mahmut Erol K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7, \u201cHermes\u201d TDV \u0130slam Ans. mad.<\/span><\/p>\n

    [3]<\/a> Hilmi Ziya \u00dclken \/ Uyan\u0131\u015f Devirlerinde Terc\u00fcmenin Rol\u00fc (s. 84, 1997)<\/span><\/p>\n

    [4]<\/a> Anadolu\u2019da Paganizm Antik D\u00f6nemde Harran ve Urfa (s. 43-44, 2005),<\/span><\/p>\n

    [5]<\/a> Mahmut Erol K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7, \u201cHermes\u201d TDV \u0130slam Ans. mad.<\/span><\/p>\n

    [6]<\/a> Mahmut Erol K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7, \u201cHermes\u201d TDV \u0130slam Ans. mad.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Bizans imparatorlu\u011funun g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kullanarak insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u011fnazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na s\u00fcr\u00fckleyen kilise skolastik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinden ka\u00e7an Hermes \u00f6\u011fretisinin \u00fcstatlar\u0131 merkezden uzak Antakya ve Harran\u2019da kendilerini gizleyerek \u00f6\u011fretilerini ya\u015fatt\u0131lar. Harran halk\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn bask\u0131lara ra\u011fmen H\u0131ristiyan olmam\u0131\u015f, Sabii-Helen pagan k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyordu. Bu nedenle Bizansl\u0131lar, Harran\u2019a Helenepolis ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015fti. \u0130slam ordular\u0131n\u0131n Suriye, Irak ve M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmesinden sonra Emev\u00ee ve Abbasi halifelerinin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":669,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[359],"tags":[1183,1194,1185,686,1191,1178,1198,190,188,1184,194,1186,1182,1081,1195,1189,79,138,1197,1187,1180,193,187,186,1193,1135,1122,1190,1192,1118,451,1188,189,191,1140,1196,1181,1099,192,1179],"class_list":["post-270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hermetik-ogretinin-fisiltisi","tag-abbasi-halifeleri","tag-arapcaya-ceviri","tag-aristo","tag-astronomi","tag-batiya-etki","tag-batinilik","tag-beseri-bilimler","tag-beytul-hikme","tag-bilimle-tanismasi","tag-bilimsel-ceviriler","tag-cafer-es-sadik","tag-eflatun","tag-emevi-halifeleri","tag-endulus","tag-eski-yunan","tag-felsefe-tarihi","tag-harran","tag-hermes-ogretisi","tag-hermesin-kitabi","tag-hermesci-dusunce","tag-ibn-arabi","tag-idris-peygamber","tag-islam-dunyasi","tag-islam-dunyasinin-hermes-ogretisi-ve-bilimle-tanismasi","tag-islam-dusuncesi","tag-islam-felsefesi","tag-israki-felsefe","tag-kadim-medeniyetler","tag-kutsal-kitaplar","tag-mantik","tag-matematik","tag-pozitif-bilimler","tag-sabiiler","tag-sabit-bin-kurra","tag-sabit-bin-kurranin-katkilari","tag-sufi-filozoflar","tag-suhreverdi","tag-tasavvuf","tag-tasavvuf-ve-hermetik-dusuncenin-kaynasmasi","tag-vahdet-i-vucud"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/leyhatlari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ba\u011fdat-k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/leyhatlari.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/270","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/leyhatlari.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/leyhatlari.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leyhatlari.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leyhatlari.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=270"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/leyhatlari.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/270\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leyhatlari.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/669"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/leyhatlari.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=270"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leyhatlari.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=270"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/leyhatlari.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=270"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}